第56章

类别:其他 作者:Paul Vinogradoff字数:5675更新时间:18/12/22 09:34:25
temporeepiscopiHenricihabuitdequolibetprepositoetquolibetfirmariounumdenariumadnataleprotaliisquasinvenieteisetmorsurascandelarum。’ 29。BurySt。Edmund’sRegistrumAlbum,Canmbr。Univ。,Ee。iii。 60,f169,a:’Istihabentbiscumpanem。grangiator,bedellus,lurard。’GlastonburyCart。,WoodMSS。,I,f126:’Etquodhabeat。quolibetannodetotavitasuaunamrobamdesectaarmigerorumnostrorumetunamrobamcompetentemvelduasmarcasprouxoresua。’f142:’ConcessisseThomedePanisredditumuniusrobeannuatimrecipiendiapudGlastoniamdesectaarmigerorumnostrorumvidelicetquartampartempannicumfurruraagninaprecii2solidorumuelduossolidosetsialiquoannoarmigerisnostrisrobasnondederimus,volumusetconcedimus。capiatilloanno。20solidos。’f。146,d:’。trespanes,videlicetunumpanemuocatumpriestlofetalterumpanemuocatumbastardlofetterciumpanemuocatumseriauntlofdepanetriapredictiabbatis……Etredditumuniusrobe。videlicetquartampartemuniuspannidelectaofficiariorumcumfurruraagnina。EtpropredictaAlueciauxoresuaunamrobamvidelicetetoctovirgaspannidesectasecundorumclericorumcumfurruradescurellis。’ 30。GlastonburyInqu。of1189,p。3。Cf16:’Vinitorhabettalemliberacionemsicutprepositusgrangie。’ 31。Cellaler’sRegisterofBurySt。Edmund’s,Cambr。Univ。,Gg。 iv。4,f49,b:’InquisitiogeneralisdicitquodomnesgersumariidebentesseprepositivelheywardiadvoluntatemdomininecseexcusarepossintracionealicuiustenementiutpatetincuriaibidemtentaannoregisHenrici54to。EtnotandumquodquicumqueestprepositusauledeBertonemagnahabebitinframaneriumunumequumsumptibusdominicumunastotteetdimidiamacramordeidemeliorepostterramcompostatamethabebitstipulampiseivelfabarumsinediminucione。Etsitenetduasterrascustumariasplenaseritquietusproopcribussuisprounaterraethabebitadnataledomini1den。adoblacionem,diepurificacionisunamcandelampreciiquarteriietadcarnipriuiumdebetparticipariUnapernabaconisinteromnesfamuloscurieetadpaschamhabebit1d。prooblacionesua。’EynshamInqu。6:’Etquiseorumfueritprepositusmanerii,libereritetquietusdeomnibusservitiisetconsuetudinibusquasfacitJohannesMareyspredictus,auxiliis,pannagiisetdenarioStiPetriexceptis。’ 32。SuffolkCourtRolls(Bodleian),3:’Terradebuitcustodiamclauiumconuentus。’ElyInqu。,CottonMSS。,Claudius,C。xi。f26,a:’Adidemtenementumpertinetessecoronariumetreplegiarehominesepiscopi。etfacerecapcionesetdisseisinasinfrainsulametextra。’ShaftesburyCart。,Harl,MSS。,61,f60: ’Iacobustenet5acrasetservabitbovesexceptapestilenciaetviolencia。’ GlastonburyCart。,WoodMSS。,I,f126:’CartaabbatisGalfridifactaWillelmoPasturel(pistori)deterrisettenementisinGlastonia:。reddendoindeperannumnobisetsuccessoribusnostrisunamrosamadfestumnativitatisbeatiJohannisbaptisteproomniseruiciosaluoseruicioregaliquantumpertinetadtantamterrametsalvonobisetsuccessoribllsnostrissectiscuriarumnostrarumGlastoniesicutaliiliberieiusdemuillenobisfaciunt。’GlastonburyInqu。of1189,p。10: ’Galterusportariustenettenementumsuumscilicetportamhereditariecumhispertinentiis。’ShaftesburyCart。,Harl。MSS。,61,f90:’MariaDeigratiaAbbatissaecclesieStiEadwardi。 CumdilectusnosterThurstanusportariusportamnostramcumomnibusadeampertinentibustototemporevitesuelibereetquieteetiurehereditariopossedissetetRobertusfiliusethereseius,dumposteumcontigitThomamheredemeiusdemRobertipostdecessumpatriseiuseoquodminorisessetetatisincustodiamnostramdeuenire。cumqueipsumdiuciustenuissemusincustodiapensatispredecessorumsuorumobsequiisquinobisfideliteretlaudabiliterministrauerunt。Iuraadipsumetadheredeseiusracionecustodiedicteportepertinencia。presentipaginaduximusexprimenda。’ GlastonburyInqu。of1189,p。13。 GlastonburyCart。,WoodMSS。,I,f。125:’CartaMuricllePasturelfactaGalfridoAbbatiGlastoniensidetenementisetredditibuspertinentibus(ad)servanciamdelalauandrie。’ 36。BurySt。Edmund’sReg。,Harl。MSS。,743,f270sqq。:’…… Itatamenquodnullusobedienciariorumpredictorumpotestatemhabeatseuauctoritatemconferendialiquodofficiumseuservanciamalicuiadterminumvitenecstatumliberitenementialicuiinpremissisdeceteroconcedendi,sethuiusmodiseruientesofficiapredictanecessariaexcollacionepredictorumobedienciariorumhabentesadvoluntatemobedienciariorumpredictorumremoveanturquociensnecessefuerit(A。D。1294)。’ Afourthclasswouldbecomposedoftenementsbelongingtopeoplepersonallystrangetothemanor。Such’forinsec’tenantswereoftenhighandmightypersonswhohadnothingtodowiththeagrarianarrangementsoftheplace。Idonotspeakofthisclass,becauseitspositionisevidentlyanartificialoneandofnoimportancefortheinternalorganisationofthemanor,thoughinterestingfromthelegalpointofview。 38。ShaftesburyInqu,Harl。MSS。,61,f。45,d:’BubulcietGadincihabentsabbatumperordinemcarucarumdoneceorumareturterra。’GlastonburyInquof1189,p。14:’HabebitetiamUnamacraminautumpnoUnoannoapudStreteetalioannoaliamacramapudWaltonam。’ 39。GlastonburyInqu。of1180,p。46:’Stephanusfil。B……dedominico2acrasadimplementumterresue。’Cf39:’3acrasadperficiendumsuas5acras。’Ibid。’NormandePoladimidiamvirgatam。Totumtenementumsuumestdedominico。’ Ibid。39:’unamacrampro4d。ademendacionemterresue。’ Aluredtenuit,etdicuntjuratoressicesseutiliusquamessetincultura,quialongeestadominico。’ 42。DomesdayofSt。Paul’s,p。118:’Annodomini1240HugonedeStoEadmundoexistentecustodemaneriidebellocampohominesinfrascriptitenentesterrasdedominicoquasvocantinlandessineauctoritatecapituliaugmentaveruntredditumassizum,utauctoritascapituliinterveniret。’ Ibid,p。121:’RicardusA。nonfeffatusnisiperfirmariumconsuevitdareannuatim4solidos;deceterodabit4sol。7den。 etob。’Cf52:’Subscriptisuntfeffatidepasturisetfrutectisusqueadtituluminproximum。’Add。MSS。6159,f70:’RobertusCobtenet5acraspro25d。percapitulumutsitperpetuum。’ DomesdayofSt。Paul’s,60:’RicardusWor13acrasdeterraarabilietunummariscum10acrarumpro4sol。et10d。etpercartamcapituli。’ RamsayInqu。,CottonMSS。,GalbaE。x。fol。49:’Denovapurprestura50acras……quas4hominesdedominicotenent。’CfDomesdayofSt。Paul’s,7。20。 GlastonburyInqu。of1189,111:’Hominestenentseptemvirgatasterrededominicodeterrasuperiusnominata,inparteeratliberataintemporeHenriciepiscopietinparteposteacum7acrisquasJohannesclericustenet。’DomesdayofSt。Paul’s,51:’Tenentesdedominieoantiquitusassiso。’53:’Dieuntecramquodterrededominicodenovotraditesatisutilitertraditesunt。’ Bracton,f220。SeeF。W。MaitlandintheHarvardLawReview,iii。173。 Rot。Hundr。ii。336,a:’InfirmariisJohannesclericustenetunamdimidiamvirgatamterreadterminumvitaesuaepro6solidisperannumproomniservicio。’Cf344,346。Add。MSS。6159,p。70: ’HancterramtenuitpostmodumThomasdeRetendonetcumessetconventusacapitulosuperingressuinillaeoquodaliquandodixissetquodtenuiteaminfeodoetnonpossetilludmonstrareetrecognovitsenonhabereiusinillaetreddiditeamquietamdecanoetcapituloquipostmodumconcesserunteandemterramcummansoipsiThomaetenendumdeipsisadvitamsuamtantumpro2 sol。et6d。perannum。’GlastonburyCart。,WoodMSS。,I,240,a: ’MagisterNicholausdeMalmesburirectorecclesiedeCristemalforde。quodcumegorecepissemterramRicardideLeyweyeinmaneriodeCristemalforde。adterminum15annorumetuirireligiosiGlastonieseopposuissentdicentes(dicenti?)meesseinfeodatumdeterrapredicta,presentiscripturaconfiteormepostpredictos18annosindictaterranonpossevendicarefeodumnecliberumtenementum。’ GlastonburyInqu。of1189,p。79:’Johannesclericus。idemtenetunumcotsetlepro16d。proomniservitioexprestofirmariorumReginaldiscilicetdeWaltona。’DomesdayofSt。 Paul’s,94:’GilbertusfiliusN。tenettresvirgatasinquasGilbertusavusSuushabuitingressumperTheodoricumfirmariumetmodoredditproillis36solidos,’etc。Ibid。40:’ThomasfiliusGodrici22acraspro22d。cuiusmedietasquondamStephani,sethabetcamperRicardumfirmarium。’Ibid。25:’Walterusdemora14 acraspro4solidiset8d。quondamElvine,cuinonattinet,cuiusingressusignoratur。’ WarwickshireHundredRoll,Q。R。Misc。Books,429,f13,b: ’UndeWillelmusdeWextontenetunumcotagiumlibereadterminumvitesuepro4solidismetensinautumpnoper1diem。’ApeculiarcaseisfoundinGlastonburyInqu。of1189,p。69:’Godwinpalmer。dimidiamvirgatam。extemporeRobertiAbbatisperThomamCameriarumincujuscustodiafuittuncmanerium。’(Laterhand):’IsteGodwindeditHenricoabbatidimidiammarcametacrevitgabulumde12d。HecconvenciodurabitdumdominusAbbaserit。’ 50。DomesdayofSt。Paul’s,25:’RobertusfiliusRogerfiliimercatorisunamacrametdimidiampro6d。Itemparuumaugmentumpro1d。’ 51。Rot。Hundr。i。451:’ItemAndreasprepositustenettantumterresicutdictusGoscelinusvillanusinomnibus。Etpreterhoctenet3acrasprolibracimini。ItemRogerusDoningfacitsicutdictusGoscelinusinomnibusetdebetdominosuoprounoseillioneterre6d。perannum。WillelmusMathewteneteodemmodoetpreterhocdatdominosuoprounaacra4caponesprecii6 den。’ WorcesterCart。,27,a:’deforlandis。DeThomadeG。pro5 acris。DeacraquamSymonCarpentertenuit。DeAliciaviduaprodimidiaacra。DeJohanneRobertipro4buttisincrofta,’etc。 DomesdayofSt。Paul’s,p。7sqq。:’(Kenesworthe)istitenentdedominicoetdeessarto。’21sqq。:’(Erdelege)istitenentdeessartoveteri。’75:’(Nastox)novaessarta。’ 54。Worc。Cart。,13:’IdemtenetassartumpromedietatefructusetPriorinvenitmedietatemseminis。’ 55。TheessartsofSt。Paul,London,aredividedintosmallportionsamongthepeasantry,andthesamemenownthemwhoarepossessedoftheregularholdingsallindicationsthattheclearingwasmadeaccordingtoageneralplanandbythewholevillage。 WorcesterCart。,:’desoccagiisetforlandisvillanorum。’Cf49。 Acuriousspeciesoflandtenureistheso-calledrofliesland(roughlease?)。GlastonburyInqu。of1189,29:’W。deW。tenetunumRoflieslandeodemservicio;totaterraestinvoluntatedomini。’65:’W。tenet5acrasetfiliussuus5acras;unuseorumtenetcarucamdomini,alterfugatboves。TerraquamfiliuseiustenetestRofles。’66:’R。fil。A。tenetunumferdeldeRoflieslandpro2solidisproomniserviciopercamerarium。’90: ’Idemtenetdimidiamvirgatamderoflieslandproduobussolidis,quodutiliusessetedificari。’Cf164,subvoceRoflesland。ThenameisfoundofteninoldleasesinWiltsandSomersetasa’Roughlease’or’Rowlease。’IthinkthetermmustindicateoneofthoseinformalagreementsofwhichIspeakinthetext。SeealsoReg。Malmesbur。ii。9,10。 Rot。Hundr。ii。437:’SymonetPetrus。tenentdeeodemAlanounamvirgatamterreetsolvuntperannum8s。etdebentararetresdimidiasacrasterre。AdamSwetcoctantumtenetdepredictoAlanoetsolvit9sol。3d。etfacitperomniasicutpredictiSimonetPetrusettantumplusquoddebetmetere。 ThomasAlwynetantumtenetdepredictoAlanoetsolvit8s。etdebetarare3acrasaveneetmetereduasacras,’etc。Cf。 InSawtreyleMoyneandSawtreyBeaumeys(659,660)thefreetenantsarepartlyvirgatersandhalfvirgaters,partlyholdersofsmallplots。Ineednotsaythatallmyquotationsareofcaseswhichmightbemultipliedtoanyextent。 TheundatedSurveyoftheRamseyCartulary(ii。487)hasadifferentreckoning:’Itemomnespositiadcensumquitenentvirgatam,veldimidiamvirgatam,dabuntperannumprovirgataoctosolidos,velprodimidiavirgataquatuorsolidos。’ThereareseveralothersmalldiscrepancieswiththeHundredRolldescription。ThedocumentendorsedintheCartularyseemstheearlierone,andthedifferenceshavetobeexplainedinallprobabilitybysomeattemptonthepartoftheMonasterytosetupahigherrentatthetimeofitscompilation。Onedoesnotseetheslightestgroundforanyreductionoftherentinprocessoftime。Generallyspeaking,theconditionsdescribedintheHundredRollaremoreirregularthanthosementionedintheCartulary。 TheRamseyCartularyhassimply:’Etvirgatariusarabitetherciabitqualibetseptimanaperunumdiemsicutoperarius。’